Cold weather may also indirectly affect kidney health through respiratory infections and other illnesses. In vulnerable individuals, dehydration, severe infections, or the inappropriate use of certain medications may contribute to acute kidney injury. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), for example, can reduce renal blood flow under certain conditions, particularly when dehydration or pre-existing kidney disease is present. To protect kidney health during winter, individuals should maintain adequate hydration, monitor blood pressure, follow a balanced diet, and avoid the unnecessary use of medications that may impair kidney function. People with chronic kidney disease should follow their healthcare providers' recommendations regarding fluid intake, since their requirements may differ. Al-Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq